diff --git a/backend/api/routes/system.py b/backend/api/routes/system.py
index 3a9cef3..e9032c9 100644
--- a/backend/api/routes/system.py
+++ b/backend/api/routes/system.py
@@ -917,14 +917,28 @@ async def list_trading_services(_admin: Dict[str, Any] = Depends(require_system_
             "raw": status_all
         }
     except Exception as e:
-        # 如果 supervisorctl status 失败，可能返回非 0 exit code
-        # 但 _run_supervisorctl 已经处理了 status 命令的 exit 3 (stopped)
-        # 如果是其他错误，记录日志并返回空列表
+        # supervisor 未安装/未运行时（如 unix socket 不存在）避免刷 ERROR，改为 WARNING 并返回友好说明
+        err_msg = str(e).strip()
+        if not err_msg:
+            err_msg = repr(e)
+        is_supervisor_unavailable = (
+            "no such file" in err_msg.lower()
+            or "connection refused" in err_msg.lower()
+            or "sock" in err_msg.lower()
+            or "unix://" in err_msg.lower()
+        )
+        if is_supervisor_unavailable:
+            logger.warning(f"列出服务失败（supervisor 未运行或不可用）: {err_msg}")
+            return {
+                "summary": {"total": 0, "running": 0, "stopped": 0, "unknown": 0},
+                "services": [],
+                "error": "supervisor 未安装或未运行，请检查 supervisord 或配置 SUPERVISOR_CONF"
+            }
         logger.error(f"列出服务失败: {e}")
         return {
             "summary": {"total": 0, "running": 0, "stopped": 0, "unknown": 0},
             "services": [],
-            "error": str(e)
+            "error": err_msg
         }
 
 
diff --git a/trading_system/binance_client.py b/trading_system/binance_client.py
index dd25517..7787345 100644
--- a/trading_system/binance_client.py
+++ b/trading_system/binance_client.py
@@ -2032,30 +2032,41 @@ class BinanceClient:
         # 优先尝试 WebSocket 下单（减少 REST 超时）
         if self._ws_trade_client and self._ws_trade_client.is_connected():
             try:
-                # 准备 WS 参数（需包含 apiKey, timestamp, signature）
+                # 准备 WS 参数（与币安 WS 文档一致：apiKey, timestamp, recvWindow, 其余同 REST）
                 ws_params = dict(params)
                 ws_params["apiKey"] = self.api_key
+                ts_ms = int(time.time() * 1000)
                 if "timestamp" not in ws_params:
-                    ws_params["timestamp"] = int(time.time() * 1000)
-                # 计算签名：币安要求参与签名的值格式与 REST 一致（布尔小写、空值不参与或为空串）
+                    ws_params["timestamp"] = ts_ms
+                else:
+                    ws_params["timestamp"] = int(ws_params["timestamp"])
+                # 扩大接收窗口，避免服务器与本地时钟偏差导致签名被拒
+                ws_params["recvWindow"] = 60000
+                # 币安 WS 文档中 closePosition 为 STRING，发送与签名均用 "true"/"false"
+                if ws_params.get("closePosition") is True:
+                    ws_params["closePosition"] = "true"
+                elif ws_params.get("closePosition") is False:
+                    ws_params["closePosition"] = "false"
+                # 计算签名：参与签名的字符串必须与 REST 一致（键按字母序、值统一为字符串，布尔为 true/false）
                 if "signature" not in ws_params:
                     import hmac
                     import hashlib
                     from urllib.parse import urlencode
-                    def _param_val_for_signature(v):
+                    def _val_for_sig(v):
                         if v is True:
                             return "true"
                         if v is False:
                             return "false"
                         if v is None:
                             return ""
-                        s = str(v).strip()
-                        return s if s else ""
-                    sign_params = [(k, _param_val_for_signature(v)) for k, v in ws_params.items() if k != "signature"]
-                    query_string = urlencode(sorted(sign_params))
+                        if isinstance(v, (int, float)):
+                            return str(int(v)) if isinstance(v, float) and v == int(v) else str(v)
+                        return str(v).strip()
+                    to_sign = [(k, _val_for_sig(v)) for k, v in ws_params.items() if k != "signature"]
+                    query_string = urlencode(sorted(to_sign))
                     signature = hmac.new(
-                        self.api_secret.encode('utf-8'),
-                        query_string.encode('utf-8'),
+                        self.api_secret.encode("utf-8"),
+                        query_string.encode("utf-8"),
                         hashlib.sha256
                     ).hexdigest()
                     ws_params["signature"] = signature
@@ -2357,7 +2368,7 @@ class BinanceClient:
             # 如果还是失败，记录详细参数用于调试
             logger.error(f"{symbol} ❌ 所有重试都失败，保护单挂单失败")
             logger.error(f"  参数: {params}")
-            logger.error(f"  对冲模式: {dual}")
+            logger.error(f"  对冲模式: {dual}（None 表示无法读取持仓模式，请检查网络或 API 权限）")
             return None
 
         except BinanceAPIException as e:
diff --git a/trading_system/position_manager.py b/trading_system/position_manager.py
index 672c7c8..71c030e 100644
--- a/trading_system/position_manager.py
+++ b/trading_system/position_manager.py
@@ -2383,7 +2383,8 @@ class PositionManager:
                             continue
                 
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"检查止损止盈失败: {e}")
+            err_msg = str(e).strip() or repr(e) or type(e).__name__
+            logger.error(f"检查止损止盈失败: {err_msg}")
         
         return closed_positions